Nanotechnology, derived from the Greek word 'nanos' for dwarf, refers to structures that are about one billionth of a meter in size. Nanotechnology applies broadly to a field of applied science and technology whose unifying theme is the control of matter on the atomic and molecular scale, normally 1 to 100 nanometers, and the fabrication of devices with critical dimensions that lie within that size range.

Nanotechnology is a highly multi-disciplinary field. The category of “nanostructures” might include an ultra-thin film coating that repels water, or a composite embedded with carbon nanotubes that is stronger and lighter-weight, or a quantum dot nanoparticle that fluoresces various colors depending on its size. As a result, nanotechnology is enabling innovation in a wide range of applications such as cosmetics, automobiles, solar cells, sporting goods, cancer treatment, building materials, electronics, environmental clean-up and much, much more.